l½mZv_v\pkea(d) km_nXv(d)hnÂ
\n¶v D²cn¨Xpw A\kv(d)hnÂ\n¶p \nthZ\w sNbvXXpamb kw`hw Camw apkvenapw(d)
aäpw D²cn¡p¶p: ""HcmÄ h¶p \_n(kz) X§tfmSv "Fsâ ]nXmhv FhnsSbmWv' F¶p
tNmZn¨p. \_n(kz) {]XnhNn¨p: "AbmÄ \cI¯nemWv' CXp tI«p Xncn¨p
t]mhpIbmbncp¶ At±ls¯ Xncn¨p hnfn¨v \_n(kz) ]dªp: Fsâ A_pw \nsâ A_pw \cI¯nemWv''
(apkvenw).
asämcp \nthZ\¯n Cu kw`hw C§s\bmWp
h¶n«pÅXv: aAvaÀ D²cn¡p¶p: ""kXy\ntj[nbpsS J_dn¶cnInepsS \S¶p
t]mhpIbmsW¦n Ah\p \o \cI s¯Ipdn¨v kt´mj hmÀ¯bdnbn¡pI''.
adp]Sn
(1) ^Xvd¯nsâ BfpIfpsS hn[n
Adnbn¡p¶ Bb¯nd§p¶Xn\v ap¼mWnXv (AÊp_vep Pen¿, A±dPp ap\o^v, A¯Avfoap
h an¶).
(2) Cu cp \nthZ\§fnepw
km_nXv(d)hmWv ]c¼cbnse cmw I®n. F¶m cp t]cp(l½mZv, aAvadv)sSbpw {]tbmK§fnÂ
henb A´cw ImWp¶pv. AXn \m lZokv \ncq]W imkv{X¯nsâ ASnØm\¯n cp
t]scbpw \nco£n t¡Xmbn h¶n«pv. aAvadn\mWv lZokv temI¯v l½mZns\¡mÄ
kzoIm cyXbpw ]cnKW\bp apÅXv. a\x]mTam¡p¶ hnjb¯n l½mZn\p sNdnb \yq\Xbpmbncp¶p.
aAvadnsâ ØnXn CXn \n¶p
hyXykvXamWv. At±ls¯ Ipdn¨v FXnc`n{]mb§ sfm¶pw D²cn¡s¸«n«nÃ.
{]kvXpX kw`h¯n aAvadnsâ \nthZ\¯n\p
iàn]Icp¶ hn[w asämcp ]c¼ cbnepÅ lZokpw D²cn¡s¸«n«pv.
_ÊmÀ(9/3), Xz_vdm\n(1/145,326),
ss_lJn(1/191) F¶nhÀ C_vmdmloap_v\p kAvZv (d) hgn D²cn¨XmWnXv: ""{KmaoW\mb
HcmÄ \_n(kz) X§fpsS kao]¯p h¶p tNmZn¨p: Fsâ ]nXmhv IpSpw__Ôw ]peÀ¯p¶bmfmbncp¶p.
At±lw FhnsS bmWv?. \_n(kz) ]dªp: \cI¯nemWv. CXv tI«t¸mÄ {KmaoW\p a\x{]bmka\p`hs¸«t]mse
tXm¶n. AbmÄ XpSÀ¶p tNmZn¨p: A§bpsS ]nXmhv FhnsSbmWv? At¸mÄ \_n(kz) ]dªp:
\o \ntj[nbpsS J_dn\p kao]¯pIqSn \S¶p t]mIp t¼msgÃmw Ah\p \cIs¯¡pdn¨p
kt´mjhmÀ¯bdnbn¡pI''.
\nthZIÀ XpScp¶p: B {KmaoW³ ]nÂIme¯v
Ckvemw aXw kzoIcn¨p. ]n¶osSm cn¡Â At±lw C§s\ ]dbpIbpmbn: "\_n(kz)
hnjaIcamb Hcp ImcyamsW s¶ G¸n¨Xv. GXp \ntj[nbpsS J_dn¶cnsI \S¶pt]mbmepw
\cIs¯Ipdn¨v Rm\h\v kt´mjhmÀ¯bdnbn¡msXbncp¶n«nÃ'(aPvaDÊhmCZv:1/118).
C_v\pamP(d) C_v\p DaÀ(d)hnÂ
\n¶v Cu lZokv \nthZ\w sNbvXn«pv( lZokv \¼À :1573).
(3) Hcp kw`h¯nsâ
hyXykvX]c¼cbnepÅ \nthZ\¯n cs®w Bib¯n epw ]Z§fnepw H¯ph¶ncn¡p¶Xp
{i²n¡pI. AtXmsSm¸wXs¶ asämcp hkvXp Xbpw ChnsS {it²bamWv. \_n(kz)
X§fpsS \nÀtZiw \S¸m¡p¶Xn B {Kmao W³ ipjvIm´n ImWn¨ncp¶psh¶XmWXv. X¶nÂ
GÂ]n¡s¸« D¯chmZn¯w B {KmaoW³ sNbvXpsImncn¡p¶ Imcyw H¶mas¯ \nthZ\¯nenÃ.
F¶m ]ns¶ AXv (H¶mw \nthZ\¯nse ]cmaÀiw) B \nthZIsâ `mK¯p \n¶pÅ ]Z {]tbmKamhWw.
CXmWv \nthZ\§Ä tNÀ¯p hmbn¡pt¼mÄ \ap¡v a\Ênem ¡m³ km[n¡p¶Xv; {]tXyIn¨v
H¶mas¯ \nthZI\n Nne \yq\XIÄ Btcm]n ¡s¸« \ne¡v (Bibw:lmhn:2/226,227).
(4) F§s\bmbmepw ^XvdXnsâ Alv
epImsc¸än h¶ aäv BbXv, lZokpIÄ sImv Ch a³kqJmWv. Cu hnjbIambn h¶ FÃm
lZokpIfpsSbpw hn[n CXp Xs¶bmWv (A±dPp ap\o^v, A¯Avfoap h an¶).
CXpsImv Xs¶bmWv JpÀB³ 26/218
kqà¯nsâ hniZoIcW¯n C_v\p A ºmkv(d) C§s\ ]dªXv: Xncp\_n(kz) {]khn¡p¶Xphsc
GIssZh hnizmkn IfpsS apXpIneqsSbmWv \o§ns¡mncp¶Xv. {]apJ JpÀB³
hymJymXm¡sfÃmw CXp²cn¡pIbpw sNbvXn«pv. (C_v\p IkoÀ 3/332, dmkn
24/149, JpÀXzp_n 13/61, ZpÀdp a³kqÀ 5/301, X^vkoÀ _Kvhn 3/304, ^XvlpÂ
JZoÀ 4/110, kmZp akoÀ 6/140, dqlp aB\n 19/137, Xz_JmXv 1/24).
AÃmam Beqkn(d) Cu Bb¯nsâ
hymJym\¯n FgpXp¶p: Xncp\_n(kz)bpsS amXm]nXm¡Ä kXyhnizmknIfmbncp¶psh¶Xn\v
{]kvXpX kqàw sXfnhmsW ¶v AlvepÊp¶bnse kap¶Xcmb ]WvVnX·mÀ
A`n{]mbs¸«ncn¡p¶p. \_nbp sS amXm]nXm¡Ä¡v XÀfnbXv (dZnbÅmlp A³lp) F¶p
sNmÃp¶Xn\v FXncv ]dbp¶XhÀ Im^ndmbnt¸mIptam F¶v Rm³ `bs¸Sp¶p(X^vkoÀ
dqlp aB\n 19/137).
\_nbpsS hnip² càtam atäm
hbänembm \cIkv]Ài\w DmInsöv lZo kn ImWmw. F¦n B ]pWyicocw Xs¶bpw
ZoÀL\mÄ hln¨ DZcw F§ s\bmWv \cI¯nemhpI? KÀ` Imew apXÂ aeIpIfmÂ
kt´mjhmÀ¯bdnª kz]v\¯nepw AÃmsXbpw Cemlnb s]mcpfdnª aeIq¯nbmb hnXm\¯nte
¡pbÀ¶ Bßmhnsâ DSambncp¶p AhnSs¯ amXmsh¶tà hnizmknIÄ a\Ên emt¡Xv (Camw
CkvamCuep APeq\nbpsS Iiv^p I^m 1/181, inlm_p J^v^mPnbpsS AÂaPmenkv).
(5) C\n H¶mw \nthZ\¯n ]cmaÀin¨
hn[w Xs¶bmWv \_n(kz) ]dªXv F¶p h¶m Xs¶bpw AXp \_n(kz) X§fpsS ]nXmhns\Xncmhp¶nÃ.
ImcWw A_qXzmen_v \_n(kz) X§fpsS ]nXrhy\pw hfÀ¯p]nXmhpamWv. At±lw \cI ¯nembncn¡psa¶mWv
Hc`n{]mbapÅXv. Xsâ ap¼n h¶p tNmZyap¶bn¨ Bsf kam[m\n¸n¡m³ \_n(kz) A_v
F¶p {]tbmKn¨Xmhm\pw \ymbapv.
\_n(kz)sb kz´w ]p{Xt\¡mÄ
hmÂkey¯nembncp¶p A_qXzmen_v hfÀ¯n bXpw kwc£n¨Xpw. {]t_m[\¯nsâ {]bmkIcamb
BZy\mfpIfn A_qXzm en_v \_n(kz)X§Ä¡v kwc£I\mbXp \ap¡dnhpÅXmWv. AXn\mÂ
Xs¶ A _qXzmen_pw \_n(kz) X§sf kz´w aIs\¶ \nebn ]cnNbs¸Sp¯nbncp¶p.
Hcp I¨hSbm{Xbn A_qXzmen_v \_n(kz)sb
IqsSIq«pIbpmbn. hgnas²y Hcp ]ptcmlnX\pambn Ipap«nbt¸mÄ At±l¯nsâ At\zjW¯n\v
A_qXzm en_v adp]Sn ]dªXv "CsXsâ ]p{X\mWv' F¶mbncp¶p. A_qXzmen_ns\ kao
]n¨p \_n(kz)sb hn«psImSp¡m³ JpssdinIÄ kwkmcn¨t¸mÄ AhÀ {]tbmKn ¨Xpw
]p{X³ F¶p Xs¶bmbncp¶p. Npcp¡¯n l½mZnsâ \nthZ\w {]_es¸ «Xmbncp¶mepw
Bibw hyàamWv.
Cu lZoknsâ hymJym\¯n Camw \hhn(d)bpsS
]cmaÀiw ]ecpw sXän²cn¸n ¡m\mbn D¶bn¡mdpv. AXns\Ipdn¨v kzlolv apkvenan\p
hniZoIcWsagpXnb kp{]kn² ]WvVnX³ AÃma A_n¿v(d) Xsâ idlv apkvenan C§s\
hnhcn ¨ncn¡p¶p: ""^Xvd¯v Imes¯ P\§fn \cImhIminIsfbmWv \hhn(d) Dt±
in¨ncn¡p¶Xv. AXn\m Camw \hhn(d)bpsS {]tbmKs¯ ^Xvd¯pImcpsS aq¶p
hn`mK§fpsS ASnØm\¯n a\Ênemt¡XmWv'' (lmhn:2/208).
AÃmam C_v\plPdn sslXan(d)
Xsâ idlp lwkn¿bn ]dbp¶p: apkven sâ lZokns\¡pdn¨v \hhn(d) C§s\ ]dªncn¡p¶p:
\nÝbw, ^Xvd¯v Ime ¯v Ad_nIÄ¡nSbnepmbncp¶ _nw_mcm[\ kzoIcn¨p Pohn¨p
acWs¸«hÀ \cI¯nemWv. {]t_m[\sa¯p¶Xn\p ap¼mbn in£bpv. ImcWw ChÀ¡v C {_mlow(A)sâbpw
aäpw {]t_m[\w F¯nbn«pmbncp¶p''. F¶m Cu A`n{]m bw hfsc ZpÀ{KlamWv.
ImcWw C{_mlow(A)an¶p tijapÅ {]hmNIcmcpw Ad _nIfnte¡p \ntbmKn¡s¸«hcmbncp¶nÃ
F¶Xv GIIWvTamb A`n{]mbamWv. CkvamCuÂ(A)sâ ZuXyamIs«, At±l¯nsâ \ncymWt¯msS
CÃmXmbn«papv. ImcWw, \_n(kz) X§Ä¡ÃmsX, acWm\´chpw \ne\n¡p¶ \ntbmKw
Adnb s¸«n«nÃ. At¸mÄ ]ns¶ Camw \hhn(d)bpsS {]tbmKw \cI¯nemsW¶p hyà
am¡s¸«n«pÅ _nw_mcm[Isc Ipdn¨msW¶v a\Ênemt¡XmWv. Camw dmkn(d) bpsS
hm¡pIfn Camw \hhn(d)bptSXn\p kam\ambn h¶n«pÅ A`n{]mbhpw CXn\m \njv{]`amhp¶pv
(A an\lp a¡n¿:1/154). |