Ncn{X ]pcpj³

aX¯n\p a\pjyt\mfw ]g¡ap­v. a\pjy Ncn{Xw XpS§pt¶S¯p \n¶p aX¯n sâ Ncn{Xhpw XpS§p¶p. aXanÃm¯ Hcp cmPytam Hcp kapZmbtam temI¯p Ignªn«nÃ. Häs¸« A]hmZ§Ä D­mImw. Ah AhKWnt¨ ]äq. aX¯n\pÅ kzm[o \w asämcp {]Øm\¯n\panÃ. FÃm {]Øm\§fpw a\pjys\ _mlyambn `cn¡pt¼mÄ aXw a\pjys\ _mlyambpw B´cnIambpw `cn¡p¶p. Ahsâ icocs¯ bpw Bßmhns\bpw a\Êns\bpw \nb{´n¡p¶p. Cu \nb{´Ww Hcp hyàn¡p aX¯nepÅ hnizmk¯nsâbpw _Ô¯nsâbpw A\p]mXa\pkcn¨pw. `mKnIambn aXawKoIcn¨hs\ `mKnIambpw k¼qÀ®ambn kÀhmß\m AwKoIcn¨hs\ k¼q À®ambpw aXw \nb{´n¡p¶p. F¶m F´mWp aXw? F´n\mWp aXw? GXmWp aX¯nsâ t{kmXÊv? aX¯nsâ t]cn Xsâ ssIbnepÅXp aXw Xs¶bmtWm F¶p Nn´n¡p¶hÀ hfsc hncfsa¶Xv Hcp ZpxJkXyw. ssIbnepÅXp kXytam anYytbm F¶pd¸phcp¯msX AÔamb A\pIcW¯n aqSpd¨hcmWv A[nIt]cpw.

aXw F¶mÂ

a\pjysâ Cl]c \·bv¡p th­n AÃmlphn \n¶v AhXoÀ®amb PohnXhyhØnXn¡mWp aXw F¶p ]dbp¶Xv. hnizmkhpw XÖ\yamb IÀ½hpamWv Hcmsf aX¯nsâ A\pbmbnbm¡p¶Xv. Hcp aXhnizmkn Xsâ PohnX¯nsâ ISnªm¬ aXs¯ G¸n¡pw ap¼v X\n¡p e`n¨Xv aXw Xs¶bmtWm F¶p ]cntim[n¡pI bpw \nPØnXn Dd¸phcp¯pIbpw sNt¿­Xp­v. ssZhw Dt­m? Ds­¦n Ah\mcv? Ah³ Hcp aXw AhXcn¸n¨n«pt­m? Ds­¦n AXv BÀ¡v? FhnsS? Ft¸mÄ? AbmÄ¡v At¸mÄ AhnsS A§s\ Hcp aXw ssZhw AhXcn¸n¨n«ps­¦n AXp Xsâ ssIbnepÅ Cu aXw Xs¶bmtWm? AXn\p Ncn{X]chpw hnizk\obhpamb hà sXfnhpapt­m? CXymZn tNmZy§Ä¡p hyàamb adp]Sn Is­¯msX Ibdnb h­n apt¼m«v F¶ hmintbmsS apt¶m«p \o§p¶Xv AÀY iq\yhpw _p²niq\yhpamWv.

F¶mÂ, Ckvemw {]amW§fpsS ASnØm\¯n Cu tNmZy§Ä¡p adp]Sn \ Ip¶p. Ckvemw ssZh¯nsâ aXamsW¶pw JpÀB³ ssZh¯nsâ {KÙamsW¶pw apl½Zv(kz) AÃmlphnsâ {]hmNI\msW¶pw AXp hmZn¡pIbpw sXfnbn¨p Im Wn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. Dulmt]ml§Ät¡m sFXnly§Ät¡m CkvemanI Zrjv Sym bmsXmcp aqeyhpanÃ. ssZhw, ssZh¯nsâ {KÙw, AXv AhXcn¸n¡s¸« {]hmNI³ F¶nhsb¡pdn¨p hyàhpw iàhpamb hnhc§Ä apkvenwIfpsS ssIbnep­v.

apl½Zv \_n(kz)

Ncn{X am\ZWvU§Ä h¨f¡pt¼mÄ, Ncn{XImc·mcpsS kPoh NÀ¨bn F¡me ¯pw apl½Zv \_n(kz)sb ImWmw. FhnsS Ft¸mÄ P\n¨p? GXp hbÊn {]hmNI\mbn aX{]t_m[\w XpS§n? PohnX¯nse {][m\ kw`h§Ä Fs´Ãmw? {] t_m[\ {]hÀ¯\§fneqsS km[n¨ ]cnhÀ¯\§Ä GsXÃmw? temI¯n\p \ Inb imizXamb kw`mh\IÄ GsXÃmw? AtXäp hm§n {]tbmKh¡cn¨ {]Yam\pbmbnIÄ BscÃmw? AhcXp ]n³Xeapd¡v F§s\ hnizk\obamb coXnbn ssIamdn? apl½Zv \_n(kz)sb kw_Ôn¨v ChsbÃmw hkvXp\njvTambn tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«p­v.

am{XaÃ, C{Xbpw {lkzamb Imew sIm­v henb Hcp kaql¯n C{Xbpw henb ]cnhÀ¯\w krjvSn¨ Hcp ]cnjvIÀ¯mhns\ thsd ImWnÃ. H¶c iXIw ap¼v tXmakv ImÀsseÂ(Thomas Carlyl) Gähpw henb Ncn{X ]pcpj\mbn apl½Zv \_n(kz)sb XncsªSp¯Xv AXpsIm­p Xs¶bmWv. Ccp]Xmw \qäm­nsâ kmbmÓ¯n ssa¡Â F¨v. lmÀ«v(Michael, H.Hart) At±l¯nsâ The 100A Ranking of the most influential personalities in history F¶ hnJymX {KÙ¯n Ncn{X¯n Gähpa[nIw kzm[o\w sNep¯nb \qdpt]cn {]Ya Øm\w apl½Zv \_n(kz)¡p \ÂInbXpw C¡mcW¯memIp¶p. At±l¯nsâ Ncn{X ]cmaÀi§fpw hnebncp¯epIfpw ap gph³ \ap¡v AwKoIcn¡m³ ]änsænepw.

]e aXmNmcy·mcpw {]hmNI·mcpw Pohn¨ncp¶p F¶p t]mepw Ncn{X ZrjvSym JWv UnXambn sXfnbn¡m³ IgnbnÃ. Ignªm Xs¶ AhcpsS hyàhpw ka{Khpamb Ncn{Xw e`yaÃ. tbip{InkvXphnsâ P\\Imew t]mepw kwibmkv]ZamWv. XZznjbIamb A`n{]mbm´cw, kÀÆmwKoIrXambn¯oÀ¶ {InkvXm_vZ ImeKW\sbt¸mepw Ahnizk\obam¡n¯oÀ¡p¶p.{InkvXphn\p tijw, Bdmw \qäm­n Pohn¨ncp¶ tdma³ ss{IkvXh k\ymknbmb Ub\ojykv FIvknKpkv BWv Cu ImeKW\ Bcw`n¨Xv. tbip{InkvXp tdma³ hÀjw 754  P\n¨p F¶ \nKa\¯nembncp¶p AXv. F¶m Cu \nKa\w sXämsW¶mWp kq£vaZr¡pIÄ ]dbp¶Xv. Nne sXfnhpIÄ Nq­n¡mWn¨p sIm­v, ^m. henb ho«n ]dbp¶p: ta ]dª hkvXpXIfpsS shfn¨¯nÂ, tbiphnsâ P\\w _n.kn. F«n\pw \men\panSbv¡pÅ Hcp hÀj¯nembncn¡Ww (ss__nÄ Ncn{X ]Ým¯e¯n t]Pv 153).

tbip {InkvXphnsâ P\\Imes¯¡pdn¨p am{XaÃ, At±l¯nsâ PohnX Ncn{X¯nepw Cu AhyàX {]ISambn¡mWmw. kw`h_lpeamb B PohnX¯nse G Xm\pw \mfpIfnse GXm\pw kw`h§Ä a{Xta Adnbs¸«XmbpÅq. tIhew, A¼ Xp Znhk§fnsemXp§p¶ Nne kw`h§Ä am{Xw. {]ikvX Fgp¯pIm\pw sshZnI\pamb tUm. Charls Ander Son Scoll F³sskt¢m]oUnbm {_n«m\n¡mbn FgpXnb teJ\¯n ]dbp¶p: aninlmbpsS Ncn{X kwt£]¯n\p {ian¡p¶ GsXmcmfpw Xsâ ]cn{ia¯n \n¶p \ncp]m[nIw ]n´ncnbm³ \nÀ_ÔnX\mIp¶p. F´psIms­¶mÂ, {]kvXpX e£y¯n\p klmbIamb `uXnI hkvXp¡tfm sshÚm\nI iIe§tfm Is­¯pI km[yaÃ. C\n Nne hnhc§Ä FSp¯p²cn¡m³ ]äpsa¶p ]dbp¶ aninlmbpsS PohnXw Xs¶ AwKpeo]cnanXamWv. Gdnbm A¼Xp Zn\§Ä (F³sskt¢m]oUnbm {_n«m\n¡. hmeyw: 13 t]: 1710).

CXntesd A]qÀ®amWv aäp aX\mbIcpsS Ncn{Xw. apl½Zv \_n(kz)bmIs« CXn \n¶pw XnI¨pw hyXykvX\mWv. P\\w sXm«p acWw hscbpÅ kw`h§Ä am{XaÃ; {]kvXmh\Ifpw {]hÀ¯\§fpw AwKoImc§fpw Bbnc¡W¡n\p in jy·mcn \n¶p, hnizkvX \nthZI irwJebneqsS tcJs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶p. Xn cpta\n(kz)bpsS P\\acW ØeIme§Ä ]dbm\pw Ccp]Xp ]nXm¡fpsS ]c¼c t]cp]dsª®m\pw tIhew Ggp hbÊmb apkvenw Ip«n¡p t]mepw km[n¡pw. \_n(kz)bpsS hm¡pIfpw {]hr¯nIfpw AwKoImc§fpw kp¶¯v F¶ t]cnÂ, kwc£n¡s¸«pt]mcp¶p. PohnX¯nse FÃm Ne\§fpw kq£va ho£Ww \S¯n tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«p­v. Ncn{Xhpw NcyIfpw Gähpw hnizk\obamb coXnbn kq£n¡p¶Xn\p apkvenwIÄ kzoIcn¨ IÀ¡iamb am\ZWvU§Ä temI¯p aämcpw kzoIcn¨Xmbn ImWnÃ.

{]hmNI NcyIÄ am{Xaà Ah dnt¸mÀ«p sNbvXn«pÅ \nthZIcpsS Poh Ncn{X§ fpw NcyIfpw IqSn apkvenwIÄ tcJs¸Sp¯n. Imem´tcW ]Xn\mbnc§Ä ]T\w \S¯n Ah kq£n¨p hcp¶p. \nthZIcpsS hnip²nbpw hnizk\obXbpw ]cnKWn¨p am{Xta AhcpsS dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ¡v km[pX \ÂInbn«pÅq. \_n(kz) Nncn¨psIm­p ]dªh Nncn¨p sIm­pw Icªp sIm­p ]dªh Icªp sIm­pw hnc Nq­n ]dªh hnc Nq­nbpw Kuch`mh¯n ]dªh Kucht¯msSbpw Aäpt]mIm¯ irwJebneqsS D²cn¡s¸«phcp¶p. Nne {]tXyI Øe¯p h¨p {]hmNI³ ]dª Nne Imcy§Ä AtX Øe¯p sh¨v Kpcphcy·mÀ injy·mÀ¡p ssIamdnt¸mcp¶p. C{Xbpw hnizk\obamwhn[w kkq£vaw, PohNcn{Xhpw PohnX NcyIfpw ka{Kambn tcJs¸Sp¯s¸« asämcp t\Xmhns\ Nq­n¡mWn¡m\mhnÃ. {]hmNI³ F¶ Ncn{X ]pcpjs\ Is­¯m³ {iaIcamb KthjWtam ]pcmhkvXp¡Ä NnIªp sIm­pÅ ]cn{iatam BhiyamIp¶nÃ. {]hmNI injy·mcpw ]n³KmanIfpw ImWn¨ IÀ¡iamb Ncn{X t_m[amWv \_n Ncn{Xw C{X kphyàambn ]n³Xeapd¡p ssIamdm³ CSbm¡nbXv.

\_n(kz)bpsS kz`mhw, PohnX coXnIÄ, CjvSm\njv§Ä, icoc{]IrXn XpS§nbh am{XaÃ, h^m¯nsâ thfbn Xebnepw XmSnbnepw F{X \c¨ tcma§fp­mbncp¶psh¶p t]mepw tcJbnep­v. icoc¯nsâ \ndw, Ahbh§fpsS hSnhv, slab ssÌ XpS§n I¬]pcnI§sf¡pdn¨p t]mepw Ncn{X¯n ]cmaÀi§fp­v. Po hnX Ime¯p Xs¶ Atd_y³ D]Zzo]nepw ]pd¯pw hym]n¨ iàamb CkvemanI cmjv{Sob kmwkvImcnI kzm[o\w ]n¡me¯v temIw apgps¡ I¿S¡n. CkvemanI Ncn{Xhpw {]hmNI Ncn{Xhpw sFXnly§Ä¡XoXamsW¶v ChsbÃmw ktµl¯n\nSanÃm¯hn[w hnfnt¨mXp¶p.

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