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Fatawa (According to Shafi School of Jurisprudence)


Question 7
Is it permissible to be enough with the forgetfulness prostrations when one forgets how many rakats they have performed in the prayer or does the prayer itself have to be repeated?
Answer.
Forgetting the number of rak`ahs that one has prayed does not invalidate one's prayer. Rather, if one forgets how many rak`ahs one has prayed, one goes on the assumption that he has prayed the least number that he is certain of. For example, if you are unsure whether you prayed two or three rak`ahs in Maghrib Prayer, then you have to assume that you have only prayed two rak`ahs and then complete your prayer based on that assumption.
If one's doubt persists until he  stands for the last third raka'h of Maghrib (in our example) which might have excess, then it would be recommended (but not obligatory) to perform two prostrations of forgetfulness at the end of the prayer before the salam. If one remembers the correct number of rak`ahs before standing, then  no need to perform it.